Competition/Cooperation: Revisiting the May 1994 Femecon Debates

This response to several comments on our prior article concerning the May 1994 Femecon debate takes issue with views that equate patriarchy with the market and feminism with community, for each partakes and participates in the other. Opposing the use of simple dualities, we suggest that feminist economics might theorize how both communal and market orientations are interwoven in the building of material life. We also show that contributors to Femecon were responded to on the basis of status, with higher-ranking female participants receiving more frequent responses relative to their rate of participation than did lower-status females and males.     

Gender Roles and Labor Use Strategies: Women's Part-Time Work in the European Union

Progress towards equal opportunities is critically dependent upon the development of a more equal and more balanced allocation of time in both paid and unpaid work. Gender divisions relating to working time arise primarily from differences in gender divisions within the household but the extent and form that these gender divisions take in the labor market are moderated or mediated by national working-time regimes. These regimes are found to be extremely diverse across Europe with very different implications for gender equality. Current interests in greater flexibility in working time are leading to pressures to changes in working-time regimes and to an increase in the extent of unsocial hours working. The strategies adopted to meet these pressures may vary by country and sector but the restructuring of working time is also likely to be influenced by gender factors and divisions. The result may be increasing differentiation by both gender and class. Progress towards equality requires a renewal of interest in reducing standard working hours and a questioning of the current assumption that increasing unsocial hours working is essential for competitiveness.     

The effects of trading activity on market volatility

The paper re-examines the question of excessive implied persistence of volatility estimates when GARCH type models are used. Ten actively traded US stocks are considered and as already established in the literature, when volume traded is inserted in the GARCH (1, 1) or (EGARCH 1, 1) models for returns, the estimated persistence is decreased. Since volume is affected also by within-the-day price movements and hence is not weakly exogenous relative to returns, alternative proxies for trading activities are suggested. It is concluded that the difference between the opening price and the closing price of the previous day accounts also for most of the persistence in the autoregressive conditional heteroskedasticity.     

The impact of changes to the human resources function in Australia

With the rapid development of information technology (IT) in the late twentieth century, a 'real-time' global economy is now taking shape. The social costs of being networked in the global economy vary across nations and regions. Some report job losses and fragmented working conditions, and in general social structure is endangered. The idea of maintaining a nation's social safety net and the traditional concept of the welfare state is now challenged. In this article, we deal with three issues. First, we point out that new social risks are formed by the structural change in the labour market. Second, the interaction of the nation-state and global economy is addressed; in facing new social risks, we argue, the role of nation-state is still important. However, the traditional paradigm of the welfare state needs to be re-conceptualized. Third, with the expanding view of the welfare state, this paper examines the developments of constructive welfare policies and discusses the social transformation processes in Singapore, especially in the face of the new social risks caused by globalization.     

The holiday and Yom Kippur War sentiment effects: the Tel Aviv Stock Exchange (TASE)

Several empirical studies reveal that holidays generally create positive sentiment in the stock market, whereas negative events, such as wars or disasters, are accompanied by negative sentiment. However, what happens if a negative event occurs on a holiday? In such a case, we expect two conflicting sentiment effects, which may cancel one another out or, alternatively, one effect may dominate the other. The stock market in Israel provides a unique laboratory in which to test these two conflicting effects, as Israel faced a horrible war on the Yom Kippur holiday in 1973—a war whose influence is still strongly felt today. Indeed, we find two robust effects: A strong and significant positive holiday sentiment effect; and a negative war sentiment effect, which dominates the positive holiday effect. These results, which show how sentiment effects are created, are general and can easily be applied to other events and other markets when conflicting sentiment effects occur.     

我国企业参与国际化的现状分析

我国加入WTO以后,本国企业参与经济全球化和区域经济一体化的步伐加快。我国在贸易量和投资量方面都在不断增大,但是对市场的掌控力却很小甚至被动。在这样的情况下,我国企业应积极发挥自身最大的优势,学习和弥补纵向发展所缺少的知识和能力,实现由大到强的转变。     

Market Orientation and Firm Performance: An Empirical Analysis of Ghanaian Microenterprises

ABSTRACT

While previous researchers have explored the relationship between market orientation and firm performance in larger organizations, such studies in microenterprises are scarce. This empirical study uses a structural equation model to examine the role of market orientation on firm performance of microenterprises operating in Ghana. To measure market orientation, we used a well-known scale (MARKOR), and the data (N = 347) for this study were collected from Ghanaian microenterprises using personal interviews. Study results indicated that the MARKOR scale provided a good measure of market orientation in Ghanaian microenterprises. The conceptualized model provided a good fit to the relationship between market orientation and the performance of Ghanaian microenterprises, indicating that market orientation as measured by MARKOR had a statistically significant positive impact on performance. However, the explanatory power of the model was relatively low, indicating the potential impact of other factors that were not incorporated in the model. Study implications are discussed.     

《资产负债会计学》的对象及焦点问题探讨

在经济市场化、全球化的竞争环境变化下，本结合我国《企业会计制度》的颁布，实施，阐述了企业经济活动的整个过程都与市场有着密切地联系，分析了《资产负债会计学》的对象，指出了《资产负债会计学》有待进一步研究的内容。     

利率市场化条件下对商业银行加强利率风险防范的思考

本文重点探讨在利率市场化的条件下，商业银行如何构筑严密的风险管理机制，高效地进行利率风险控制，以适应国际经济、金融一体化的发展要求，成为商业银行需要认真研究的重要课题。     

Native-Born Filipina/o Americans and Labor Market Discrimination

Filipina/o Americans face significant discrimination in the US labor market. Although Filipina/o Americans face both wage discrimination and occupational discrimination, the amount varies according to combinations of factors like gender, region of residence, and level of education.